Techie Luddites

Those of you who have been around Irreal for a while know that one of my favorite hobby horses is the new luddites. These are mostly humorless folks who imagine that the rest of us share their psychoses and who, therefore, think it their duty to instruct us on the proper way of doing things. One of their most recent obsessions is with “tech addiction” and why we should all throw out our smartphones.

It’s easy to think of these people as some sort of Amish-like sect but that would be a calumny on the Amish. In truth, the new luddites can be found in almost any demographic. Even ours. In an interesting article in the Los Angeles Review of Books, Morgan G. Ames tells us how many of the “technical elite” refuse to let their children use electronic devices such as phones, tablets, or computers and how they send them to schools that proclaim themselves to be traditional and tech-free.

As Ames points out, many of these technical people consider themselves to be the smartest people in the room and while that may be true regarding technology, they don’t know anymore than the rest of us about child development or the wider social implications of technology. They are, in fact, subject to the same fashions and misinformation as everyone else.

If that claim seems a little overwrought, consider this shocking fact: at the Waldorf School of the Peninsula, “[a] techie-dominated, tech-shunning school,” only 35% of kindergarteners had been fully vaccinated before California made such vaccinations mandatory. If even the anti-vaxxers have established a beachhead among the technical elite, we must certainly abandon any claim to being immune to new luddism.

Ames is a former CS graduate who gave up the field to pursue a PhD in Communications and the article sometimes seems as if she’s trying a bit too hard to disparage her former brethren but she makes many good points and the article is worth reading.

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The Myth of the Young Entrepreneur

One of geekdom’s most cherished beliefs—especially among young hackers—is that of the 20 year old who comes up with a new idea, builds it into a fabulously successful business, sells it for millions after a few years, and retires a millionaire at age 27. Indeed, Paul Graham built his own business catering to that idea and has helped start several successful companies.

It turns out, though, that our cherished belief is mostly a myth, at least according to a study by Pierre Azoulay, Benjamin F. Jones, J. Daniel Kim, and Javier Miranda. An article on the American Institute for Economic Research (AIER) Website discusses the study and some of its conclusions. The TL;DR is that experience, domain knowledge, and discipline are actually the best predictors of startup success and that most successful startup founders are middle aged (mean of 45 years old for the 1 in 1,000 highest growth new ventures) rather than the 20 year old who drops out of school to follow his dreams.

That’s a provocative claim that goes against the conventional wisdom but the study authors took a hard look at the data and are reporting what they saw. I’m not an economist so I can’t speak to the validity of the study but it does seem well researched and is certainly worth looking at if you have the itch to start your own company. There are, of course, many examples of young hackers who have built successful companies but it’s hard to name more than a handful. Doubtlessly, Graham could name more than most of us but of the thousands of companies he helped launch how many could be termed huge successes? The data the study presents (and which is discussed in the AIER article) is pretty discouraging for young entrepreneurs.

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Org 9.3

Bastien Guerry has announced the release of Org-mode 9.3

In the tweet and the original announcement, Guerry emphasizes that this is a major release with some incompatible changes so you should read the Change Log.

As usual, thanks to Nicolas and Bastien and the others for all their hard work. The Org community is lucky to have such a great development team.

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An HTML Email Coda

Last week, I wrote about Perry Metzger’s reasons for not using Emacs to read his email. His take on email is something on the order of, “These days, email is HTML. Deal with it.” Many of us would rather not deal with it but Metzger’s point is well taken. An awful lot of email (maybe even most) comes to you as HTML.

Over at the Emacs subreddit, NukedTeas writes that he’s just had his first, “Gee, I wish I were writing this email in Emacs” moment and goes on to say that he’s going to have to figure out how to do that. The comments were of two types. First, there were the supporters who offered advice on how to do that—mostly mu4e or Notmuch along with offlineimap or mbsync to retrieve the mail.

There was another group of commenters, though, typified by kingpatzer who said that “It’s actually impossible to do email in Emacs”. That comes as a shock to the many of us who do just that everyday. Kingpatzer’s real point, of course, is the same as Metzger’s: Emacs doesn’t render HTML emails very well and most of our email is HTML. A surprising number of commenters agreed or made the same point.

I’m more inclined to agree with oantolin who suggests, “Just stop reading email that isn’t plaintext, I doubt anyone will notice”. That’s a bit smart-alecky, perhaps, but it hints at something that might be true: Most email that comes to you as HTML only is probably not worth reading. I’ve certainly found that true. Almost all of it is commercial messages of one sort or another. There are a few exceptions. The ACM, to its everlasting shame, sends its emails in a form that can’t be rendered in plain text and even EWW doesn’t do a great job with them. Of course, when that happens I just type a v and it pops me into the my browser and displays it there. That’s a bit of a pain but only a bit and it’s more than made up for by doing the majority of my email work in Emacs.

The other point worth making is that most non-spam email that comes as HTML has no reason to be HTML. If you’re an Emacs user, one would expect that most of the people you communicate with know that and send plain text. Sadly, that’s not the case. The only real answer is that given by Metzger: fix Emacs so it can render HTML well. That’s not easy, of course, but it’s definitely worthwhile.

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A Vim User Explores Emacs Distributions

Paul Kuruvilla is a recent immigrant to Emacs from Vim. Of course, that’s a familiar story—along with those going in the opposite direction—and wouldn’t be worth commenting on except for Kuruvilla’s take on the three main Emacs “distributions:” Vanilla Emacs, Spacemacs, and Doom Emacs. His observations are interesting because those of us safely ensconced in the Emacs world become blind to the problems that these variations present to a new user.

As a long time Vim user, Kuruvilla decided against abandoning his Vim muscle memory and opted for packages with Vi emulation. He liked the descriptions he found of Spacemacs and decided to give it a go. Standard Spacemacs seemed too bloated and complicated for his needs so he tried Spacemacs-base. The problems began when he tried to add more functionality. It wasn’t as seamless a process as he would have liked so he tried standard Spacemacs instead.

He found standard Spacemacs to be too bloated and significantly slower for some tasks. He also found that it would sometimes freeze in the middle of editing files. That’s not acceptable, of course, so he took a look at Doom Emacs.

Doom is famously targeted specifically at former Vim users and Kuruvilla found that although it required more work to set up, it met his needs better than Spacemacs. He’s now a happy Emacs user in the camp of the Doom adherents.

As many of you know, I was also a long time Vim user but when I came to Emacs more than a decade ago, I decided to embrace Emacs entirely and chose Vanilla Emacs. I haven’t regretted that choice for an instant but I am aware that some Vanilla Emacs users have migrated to Spacemacs, Doom, or one of the Vi emulation modes to deal with repetitive stress issues.

I know some Irreal readers are ardent Spacemacs users and swear by it so I was a bit surprised at Kuruvilla’s problems with it. If you’re a Spacemacs user and have seen to same problems, leave a comment. Or if you’re a Spacemacs user and haven’t seen those problems, also leave a comment. In the mean time, welcome, Mr. Kuruvilla, to the Emacs family.

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Typesetting Tables with Booktabs

Nick Higham, whom I’ve written about several times before [1, 2, 3, 4] is a mathematician at the University of Manchester. As an academic and book author he does a lot of publishing and, of course, one of his go to tools is LaTeX. He cares very much about the appearance of his publications so he puts in the time to make LaTeX tweaks to get things just right.

In a recent post, he talks about the Booktabs package that he’s recently started using to typeset tables. The post looks at two versions of a table from one of his books. The first uses the usual LaTeX markup and the second uses Booktabs. He says, and I agree, that the Booktabs table looks nicer and is less cluttered. In particular, the Booktabs package eschews vertical rules. That goes a long way towards making the tables look sleeker. Like Higham, I’m always inclined to add vertical rules but Org-mode doesn’t use them by default and I’ve grown used to tables without them so their absence in the Booktabs tables doesn’t bother me. Take a look at Higham’s post and see what you think.

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PSA: How To Hotkey Into Messages in MacOS Catalina

This post will interest only Mac users so those of you who worship in another church will probably want to skip it.

I spend almost all of my tube time in either Emacs or Safari but I usually have three applications open. In addition to Emacs and Safari, I have the Messages app running in another workspace.

A Few years ago, I used to joke that I was getting in touch with my inner-teenager whenever I sent a text but these days it’s become mainstream and largely replaced email for a certain type of message. That’s especially true of Messages, which is really more like the old IM chat applications than texting. For a long time, I’ve had F9 mapped to open or switch to Messages but that stopped working when I upgraded to Catalina. That was annoying but not fatal because I could just switch to the workspace where it was the only app running.

I just saw this Daring Fireball post that explains what’s going on. With Catalina, Apple moved non-writable applications from /Applications to /System/Applications and Messages was now living in /System/Applications. Once I remapped F9 to open /System/Applications/Messages instead of /Applications/Messages, the F9 hotkey started working again.

Of course, it’s not only Messages that is affected. If you’re having a problem accessing an application after upgrading to Catalina, you should probably investigate if it got moved.

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Claim: 95% of Users Prefer Dark Mode

Over at Polar, they’re getting a lot of requests to implement Dark Mode for their application. They claim that 95% of users prefer dark over light mode. Actually, they’re a little more nuanced than that so you should follow the link to get the whole story.

On the other hand, I, a persecuted but proud member of the light mode sect, am going to turn this into a Red Meat Friday post by speculating that the preference for dark mode is a direct application of Sturgeon’s law.

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Any Well Shuffled Card Deck Is Almost Certainly Unique

From Paul Graham we have this interesting fact:

We’re nerds and are used to dealing with large numbers so \(10^{68}\) doesn’t seem especially huge but let’s do a little back-of-the-envelope calculation. From Emacs Calc we learn that \(52! \approx 8 \times 10^{67}\), a slightly tighter estimate than that given in the tweet. I asked DuckDuckGo and it told me that the earth is about 4.5 billion years old and that as of April this year there are about 7.7 billion people living on it.

Another quick calculation with Calc shows us that if every person alive today had been shuffling cards since the birth of the earth, it would have required \(2.3 \times 10^{48}\) shuffles per person per year to generate the \(52!\) possible arrangements1. That means that each person would have to shuffle \(7.4 \times 10^{40}\) times a second for the entire age of the earth. Put that way, the claim in the tweet is eminently believable. Still not convinced? Suppose all the people who have ever lived (\(\approx108 \times 10^{9}\)) shuffled cards for the entire age of the universe (\(\approx 13.8 \times 10^{9}\) years). Would that make an appreciable difference on how many shuffles they would have to make per second? (Spoiler: no)

UPDATE [2019-11-29 Fri 12:09]: lets → let’s

Footnotes:

1

Assuming that each shuffle generates a unique arrangement.

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HTML Email

If you’ve watched Perry Metzger’s Emacs Conference 2019 talk, as I hope you have, you’ll know that Metzger believes that modern Email should be carried as HTML. He wants—needs, he says—to see his colleagues emails exactly as they were written and to let those colleagues see his emails exactly as he has written them. Here’s a quote from one of his slides explaining why he no longer reads emails in Emacs:

Modern email is HTML. I need to see HTML email the way my colleagues see it. I have no choice. It’s not 1992 any more.

I can sympathize. Metzger is a technical guy doing technical work and he can’t afford to have the ideas in his communications with his colleagues mangled by the email presentation layer. Still, I really, really hate HTML emails and I’m not alone. I’m aware that at this point that’s a rearguard reaction but it’s a view held by many, even—or perhaps especially—by those in the technical fields. Metzger’s probably right but I still hate it.

Paul Graham also has a view on the issue:

I didn’t realize it until after I saw his tweet but that’s exactly how I feel. When I see an HTML email with multiple fonts and fancy formatting, I can be pretty certain it’s trash. Perhaps I need to start hanging out with Metzger’s colleagues. Or perhaps I’m just hopelessly reactionary.

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